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Description:

Class 12 covers vehicles and devices designed for transportation or movement on land, in the air, or on water. This includes a wide variety of motorized and non-motorized vehicles, as well as their structural parts, fittings, and accessories. Class 12 encompasses automobiles, bicycles, boats, aircraft, trains, and other means of transport. This class also includes vehicle components like tires, engines (specifically for vehicles), and vehicle safety devices. Excluded from this class are machine engines not meant for land vehicles (found in Class 7) and certain vehicle accessories categorized elsewhere.

Details of Class 12:

• Automobiles and Motor Vehicles: Motorized vehicles primarily used on roads, including cars, trucks, buses, and motorcycles. These vehicles are designed for personal and commercial transportation on land.
• Non-Motorized Vehicles: Vehicles that operate without motors, such as bicycles, tricycles, and carts. This includes vehicles used for recreational or industrial purposes, like skateboards and wheelbarrows.
• Electric Vehicles: Battery-powered vehicles, including electric cars, e-scooters, and electric bicycles, which are environmentally friendly alternatives to fuel-powered vehicles.
• Aircraft and Aviation Equipment: Vehicles and apparatus used for air transportation, such as airplanes, helicopters, gliders, and drones. This category also includes parachutes and parts essential to aircraft functionality.
• Watercraft: Vehicles designed for movement on water, including boats, ships, yachts, canoes, and jet skis. These are used for both transportation and recreational purposes.
• Railway Vehicles: Includes trains, trams, and other rail-based transportation, along with parts like train cars, locomotive engines, and track fittings.
• Vehicle Parts and Accessories: Essential parts and components for vehicle operation and maintenance, including tires, wheels, brakes, transmissions, and exhaust systems. This also includes non-mechanical parts like seats, mirrors, and wipers.
• Vehicle Safety Equipment: Safety devices and equipment for vehicles, such as airbags, seat belts, child car seats, and helmets. These items are designed to enhance the safety of drivers, passengers, and riders.
• Vehicle Suspension and Shock Absorbers: Components that provide stability and reduce impact while driving, such as springs, dampers, and shock absorbers.
• Vehicle Steering and Control Systems: Systems and devices that control vehicle direction, including steering wheels, handlebars for bikes, and control sticks for aircraft.

Examples of Items in Class 12:

• Automobiles and Motor Vehicles:
• Cars: Sedans, SUVs, hatchbacks, and convertibles.
• Motorcycles: Two-wheeled vehicles for road transportation.
• Trucks: Heavy-duty vehicles for transporting goods and materials.
• Non-Motorized Vehicles:
• Bicycles: Standard bicycles, mountain bikes, and road bikes.
• Skateboards: Recreational boards for street riding and skate parks.
• Wheelbarrows: Used in gardening, construction, and industrial applications.
• Electric Vehicles:
• Electric Cars: Battery-powered cars, like Tesla models or Nissan Leaf.
• Electric Scooters: Motorized scooters for urban commuting.
• Electric Bicycles (E-Bikes): Bicycles with electric pedal assist.
• Aircraft and Aviation Equipment:
• Airplanes: Commercial jets, private planes, and cargo aircraft.
• Drones: Unmanned aerial vehicles used for filming, surveying, or delivery.
• Parachutes: Used for skydiving, rescue, and military purposes.
• Watercraft:
• Boats: Rowboats, sailboats, and fishing boats.
• Yachts: Recreational watercraft for luxury sailing.
• Jet Skis: Personal watercraft for recreational use.
• Railway Vehicles:
• Trains: Passenger and freight trains.
• Trams: Streetcars used for urban public transport.
• Locomotive Engines: Engines used to power trains.
• Vehicle Parts and Accessories:
• Tires: Various types of tires for cars, trucks, and bicycles.
• Brakes: Brake pads, discs, and calipers for safe stopping.
• Exhaust Systems: Mufflers, pipes, and catalytic converters.
• Vehicle Safety Equipment:
• Airbags: Safety devices that inflate in collisions to protect occupants.
• Seat Belts: Essential for passenger safety in cars and planes.
• Child Car Seats: Safety seats for infants and toddlers.
• Vehicle Suspension and Shock Absorbers:
• Shock Absorbers: Reduce the impact of bumps and irregularities in the road.
• Suspension Springs: Stabilize the vehicle and improve comfort.
• Leaf Springs: Used in trucks and larger vehicles for load support.
• Vehicle Steering and Control Systems:
• Steering Wheels: Controls the direction of cars and trucks.
• Handlebars: Steering mechanism for bicycles and motorcycles.
• Control Sticks: Used in aircraft to control pitch and roll.

Class 12 includes a comprehensive range of vehicles and transportation apparatus, spanning land, air, and water. Each category within this class serves a unique function in transportation, from road vehicles and railways to boats and aircraft, along with the necessary parts and safety equipment for maintenance and operation.